Breast Cancer: Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutic Guidance 1st Edition

Product code : 1604298528

by Uwe Fischer (Author), Friedemann Baum (Author), Susanne Luftner-Nagel (Author)

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Introduction
Comments

Breast Cancer: Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutic Guidance 1st Edition
by Uwe Fischer (Author), Friedemann Baum (Author), Susanne Luftner-Nagel (Author) .
Breast Cancer: Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutic Guidance
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Contributors
Abbreviations
Part 1: Anatomy, Physiology, and Pathology of the Breast
1 Development, Anatomy, and Physiology of the Mammary Gland
1.1 Development
1.2 Anatomy
1.3 Physiology
Bibliography
2 Tumor Formation
2.1 Mutation, Carcinogenesis, and Angiogenesis
2.2 Risk Factors
2.3 Genetic Risk Factors
2.4 Prevention
2.4.1 Primary Prevention
2.4.2 Secondary Prevention
2.4.3 Tertiary Prevention
2.5 Epidemiology, Incidence, and Mortality
Bibliography
3 Pathology of Benign and Malignant Changes in the Breast
3.1 Benign Changes
3.1.1 Histological Principles
3.1.2 Nonneoplastic, Nonproliferative Diseases of the Breast
3.1.3 Benign Tumor-Forming Diseases
3.2 Malignant Changes in the Breast
3.2.1 Classification of Malignant Breast Tumors (WHO Classification, B-Categories)
3.2.2 Prognostic and Predictive Factors
3.2.3 Papillary Lesions
3.2.4 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
3.2.5 Microinvasive and Invasive Breast Carcinoma
3.2.6 Tumors of the Nipple
3.2.7 Malignant Mesenchymal Tumors and Lymphomas of the Breast
3.2.8 Metastatic Tumors
3.3 Acknowledgments
Bibliography
Part 2: Breast Diagnostics
4 Nonimaging Diagnostics
4.1 History
4.2 Informed Consent
4.3 Self-Examination
4.4 Inspection
4.5 Palpation
Bibliography
5 Mammography
5.1 Technique and Methods
5.1.1 Principles of X-ray Mammography
5.1.2 Components of a Mammography System
5.1.3 Exposure Parameters
5.1.4 Image Quality
5.1.5 Analog Mammography
5.1.6 Digital Mammography
5.1.7 Radiation Exposure
5.2 Parameters and Positioning
5.2.1 Standard Projections
5.2.2 Supplementary Views
5.2.3 Galactography
5.2.4 Mammography of the Male Breast
5.2.5 Quality Assurance in Parameters and Positioning
5.3 Interpretation of Mammograms
5.3.1 Terminology
5.3.2 Tissue Density in a Mammogram According to the ACR BI-RADS Atlas
5.3.3 Interpretation Criteria
5.3.4 BI-RADS Classification of Mammography
5.3.5 Normal Findings in the Mammogram
Bibliography
6 Breast Ultrasonography
6.1 Technique and Methods
6.1.1 Basic Principles
6.1.2 Device Adjustments
6.1.3 Examination Technique
6.1.4 Ultrasound Techniques
6.1.5 Quality Assurance
6.2 Evaluation
6.2.1 Terminology
6.2.2 Tissue Type in Sonography
6.2.3 Evaluation Criteria
6.2.4 BI-RADS Classification of Breast Ultrasonography
6.2.5 Normal Findings in Sonography
Bibliography
7 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Breast
7.1 Technique and Methods
7.1.1 Basic Principles
7.1.2 Tumor Detection
7.1.3 Equipment
7.1.4 Timing of the Examination
7.1.5 Patient Positioning
7.1.6 Measurement Parameters
7.1.7 Image Postprocessing
7.1.8 Implant Evaluation
7.1.9 Nonestablished Examination Techniques
7.2 Evaluation
7.2.1 Terminology
7.2.2 Perfusion Pattern
7.2.3 Findings in the T1-Weighted Precontrast Image
7.2.4 Findings in the T2-Weighted Image
7.2.5 Findings in the T1-Weighted Contrast-Enhanced Image
7.2.6 Evaluation Criteria
7.2.7 BI-RADS Classification of MRI of the Breast
7.2.8 Normal Findings in MRI of the Breast
Bibliography
8 Imaging of Breast Lesions
8.1 Benign Findings
8.1.1 Cysts
8.1.2 Inflamed Cysts
8.1.3 Complex Cysts
8.1.4 Myxoid Fibroadenoma
8.1.5 Fibrotic Fibroadenoma
8.1.6 Adenoma
8.1.7 Hamartoma
8.1.8 Lipoma
8.1.9 Mammary Fibrosis
8.1.10 Adenosis of the Breast
8.1.11 Fibrocystic Condition of the Breast
8.1.12 Adenomyoepithelioma
8.1.13 Acute Nonpuerperal Mastitis
8.1.14 Chronic Nonpuerperal Mastitis
8.1.15 Intramammary Lymph Nodes
8.1.16 Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia
8.1.17 Seroma
8.1.18 Hematoma
8.1.19 Fat Necrosis (Oil Cyst)
8.1.20 Abscess
8.1.21 Postoperative Scars
8.2 Findings with Ambiguous Biological Potential
8.2.1 Papillomas
8.2.2 Radial Scars
8.2.3 Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia
8.2.4 Phyllodes Tumors
8.2.5 Cysts with Intracystic Proliferation
8.2.6 Lobular Intraepithelial Neoplasia
8.3 Intraductal Carcinoma
8.3.1 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (Low Grade)
8.3.2 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (Intermediate Type)
8.3.3 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (High Grade)
8.4 Invasive Tumors
8.4.1 Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
8.4.2 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma
8.4.3 Tubular Carcinoma
8.4.4 Medullary Carcinoma
8.4.5 Mucinous Carcinoma
8.4.6 Invasive Papillary Carcinoma
8.4.7 Sarcomas
8.4.8 Triple-Negative Carcinoma
8.4.9 Paget’s Disease of the Nipple
8.4.10 Inflammatory Carcinoma
8.4.11 Systemic Diseases Involving the Breast
9 Breast Intervention
9.1 Biopsy
9.1.1 Objective of Percutaneous Tissue Sampling
9.1.2 Percutaneous Tissue Sampling Equipment and Implementation
9.1.3 Interventional Imaging
9.1.4 Classification of Findings
9.1.5 Tumor Seeding and Mechanical Tumor Induction
9.1.6 Quality Assurance
9.2 Localization
9.2.1 Objective of Pretherapeutic Localization
9.2.2 Equipment and Implementation
9.2.3 Quality Assurance
Bibliography
Part 3: Prevention and Therapy of Breast Cancer
10 Examination Concepts
10.1 Prevention
10.2 Early Breast Cancer Detection (Secondary Prevention)
10.2.1 Mammography Screening
10.2.2 Individualized Examination Concepts
10.2.3 Early Detection inWomen with a High-Risk Profile
10.2.4 Future Concepts of Early Breast Cancer Detection
10.3 Diagnostic Work-up
10.4 Pretherapeutic Local Staging
10.5 Pretherapeutic Peripheral Staging
10.6 Follow-up Care
10.7 Implant Evaluation
10.8 Evaluation of the Male Breast
Bibliography
11 Surgical Treatment of Breast Carcinoma
11.1 Significance of Surgery in the Context of Multimodal Treatment of Breast Carcinoma
11.2 Types of Breast Carcinoma
11.2.1 Lesions of Uncertain Biological Potential (B3 Lesions)
11.2.2 Preinvasive Carcinoma (Ductal Carcinoma in Situ; B5a)
11.2.3 Invasive Carcinoma (B5b)
11.3 Surgical Treatment of the Primary Lesion
11.3.1 Oncologic Aspects
11.3.2 Technical Aspects
11.4 Lymph Node Surgery
11.4.1 Procedure for Clinically Negative Node Status
11.4.2 Procedure for Clinically Positive Nodal Status
11.4.3 Procedure for Clinically Negative Node Status and Positive Sentinel Node
11.5 Secondary Breast Reconstruction
11.5.1 Timing the Reconstruction: Primary vs. Secondary Reconstruction
11.5.2 Alloplastic Reconstruction (Implant Reconstruction)
11.5.3 Autologous Reconstruction (Reconstruction Using Endogenous Tissue)
11.5.4 Nipple Reconstruction
Bibliography
12 Medical Treatment of Breast Cancer
12.1 Basic Principles and Objectives
12.2 Adjuvant Drug Therapy
12.2.1 Adjuvant Chemotherapy
12.2.2 Neoadjuvant Therapy
12.2.3 Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy
12.2.4 Antibody Therapy
12.3 Medical Treatment in Locoregional Recurrence
12.4 Medical Treatment of Distant Metastases
12.4.1 Endocrine Therapy in Premenopausal Patients with Distant Metastases
12.4.2 Endocrine Therapy in Postmenopausal Patients with Distant Metastases
12.5 Endocrine Maintenance Therapy after Completing Chemotherapy
12.6 Chemotherapy of Metastatic Breast Cancer Combined with New Agents
Bibliography
13 Radiotherapy of Breast Cancer
13.1 Adjuvant Radiotherapy after Breast-Conserving Surgery
13.2 Adjuvant Radiotherapy after Mastectomy
13.3 Effectiveness of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy: Prognostic Factors
13.4 Integration of Adjuvant Radiotherapy into the Multimodal Treatment Concept
13.5 Target Volume and Dose Concept
13.5.1 Clinical Target Volume: Former Tumor Region, Mammary Gland, Chest Wall, and Regional Lymph Channels
13.5.2 Partial Breast Irradiation
13.5.3 Shortened Treatment Time: Alternative Fractionation Schemes
13.6 Acute Side Effects and Complications of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy
13.6.1 Acute Side Effects
13.6.2 Late Complications of Radiation Therapy
13.7 Planning and Implementing Radiation Therapy
13.8 Radiotherapy in Primarily Inoperable Tumors, Recurrences, and Metastatic Disease
13.9 Summary
Bibliography
14 Management of a Diagnostic Breast Center
14.1 Expertise
14.2 Equipment
14.3 Facility Design
14.3.1 Doctor’s Consultation Room
14.3.2 Mammography and Sonography Rooms
14.3.3 Breast MRI Room
14.3.4 Rooms for a Second Ultrasound Unit and for Interventional Procedures
14.3.5 Recovery Room
14.4 Ambiance
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